The HPV vaccine is approved for use in both males and females. Be sure to talk to your doctor if you have any questions. Reviewed by: Ryan J. Brogan, DO Date reviewed: January Note: All information on KidsHealth is for educational purposes only. For specific medical advice, diagnoses, and treatment, consult your doctor.
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With all of that bacteria around, how is anyone ever healthy? While you would think that ever-present bacteria would mean ever-present illness, most types of bacteria are harmless to a person in good health. However there are bacteria that can cause infections like strep throat and tuberculosis. While bacterial infections can typically be cured with antibiotics, there are some strains that have grown to resist antibiotic drugs. Viruses are much smaller than bacteria.
In fact, viruses are basically just capsules that contain genetic material. To reproduce, viruses invade cells in your body, hijacking the machinery that makes cells work. Host cells are often eventually destroyed during this process. There are many varieties of fungi, and we eat several of them.
Mushrooms are fungi, as are the molds that form the blue or green veins in some types of cheese. And yeast, another type of fungus, is a necessary ingredient in most types of bread.
Other fungi can cause illness. One example is candida — a yeast that can cause infection. Candida can cause thrush — an infection of the mouth and throat — in infants and in people taking antibiotics or who have an impaired immune system. Fungi are also responsible for skin conditions such as athlete's foot and ringworm. Protozoans are single-celled organisms that behave like tiny animals — hunting and gathering other microbes for food.
Many protozoans call your intestinal tract home and are harmless. Others cause diseases, such as:. Protozoans often spend part of their life cycles outside of humans or other hosts, living in food, soil, water or insects. Some protozoans invade your body through the food you eat or the water you drink.
Others, such as malaria, are spread by mosquitoes. Helminths are among the larger parasites. The word "helminth" comes from the Greek word for worm.
If these parasites — or their eggs — enter your body, they take up residence in your intestinal tract, lungs, liver, skin or brain, where they live off your body's nutrients. Helminths include tapeworms and roundworms. There's a difference between infection and disease.
Infection, often the first step, occurs when bacteria, viruses or other microbes that cause disease enter your body and begin to multiply.
Disease occurs when the cells in your body are damaged — as a result of the infection — and signs and symptoms of an illness appear. In response to infection, your immune system springs into action. An army of white blood cells, antibodies and other mechanisms goes to work to rid your body of whatever is causing the infection.
For instance, in fighting off the common cold, your body might react with fever, coughing and sneezing. What's the best way to stay disease-free? Prevent infections.
You can prevent infections through simple tactics, such as washing your hands regularly, avoiding close contact with people who are sick, cleaning surfaces that are touched often, avoiding contaminated food and water, getting vaccinations, and taking appropriate medications.
Your doctor can perform diagnostic tests to find out if you're infected, the seriousness of the infection and how best to treat that infection. There is a problem with information submitted for this request.
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